1. Introduction
Oilseed rape has become a major crop in North America, with cropland dedicated torapeseed production increasing from 4,391,660 ha in 2001 to 7,103,725 ha in 2010 in both
U.S.A. and Canada (Canola Connection, 2011; National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2011).
Most of these are cultivated in spring in the Canadian Prairie Provinces and the northern
Great Plains of the USA.
Canola is cultivated both during winter and spring seasons in the United States and this
exposes the crop to winter kill, frost, and high temperatures, during the reproductive
period. The temperatures during winter and spring are known to influence all the crucial
steps of the reproductive cycle including gametogenesis, pollination, fertilization and
embryogenesis (Angadi, 2000). Winter rapeseed has been successfully grown in the Pacific
Northwest, southern Great Plains, Midwest, and southeast regions of the USA. The
hardiest cultivars will routinely survive winters in the north east of USA but survival is
inconsistent further south (Rife et al., 2001). Winter-grown canola (Brassica napus L.)
production is limited mostly by frost and winter-kill in the southern canola-growing
regions of the United States (Singh et al., 2008). For instance, the late freeze in 2007
resulted in significant damage to most of the winter canola cultivars at the National
Winter Canola Variety Trials in Alabama, U.S. (Cebert and Rufina, 2007). Winter
hardiness and freezing tolerance are a major concern for improving production
consistency in many regions of the canola growing countries.
Introduction and cultivation of new crops in a given environment require management
practices and trait selection that enable optimum performance of the crop. Canola is an
important oilseed crop and its cultivation is expanding, particularly in the western world
because of its importance as both an oilseed and a bio-diesel crop.
practices and trait selection that enable optimum performance of the crop. Canola is an
important oilseed crop and its cultivation is expanding, particularly in the western world
because of its importance as both an oilseed and a bio-diesel crop.
Contents
Chapter 1 Prospects for Transgenic and Molecular Breedingfor Cold Tolerance in Canola (Brassica napus L.) 1
Anthony O. Ananga, Ernst Cebert, Joel W. Ochieng,
Suresh Kumar, Devaiah Kambiranda, Hemanth Vasanthaiah,
Violetka Tsolova, Zachary Senwo, Koffi Konan and Felicia N. Anike
Chapter 2 Oil Presses 33
Anna Leticia M. Turtelli Pighinelli and Rossano Gambetta
Chapter 3 Effect of Seed-Placed Ammonium
Sulfate and Monoammonium Phosphate
on Germination, Emergence and Early Plant
Biomass Production of Brassicae Oilseed Crops 53
P. Qian, R. Urton, J. J. Schoenau,
T. King, C. Fatteicher and C. Grant
Chapter 4 Nitrogen Efficiency in Oilseed Rape
and Its Physiological Mechanism 63
Zhen-hua Zhang, Hai-xing Song and Chunyun Guan
Chapter 5 Sesame Seed 81
T. Y. Tunde-Akintunde, M. O. Oke and B. O. Akintunde
Chapter 6 Adaptability and Sustainable
Management of High-Erucic
Brassicaceae in Mediterranean Environment 99
Federica Zanetti, Giuliano Mosca,
Enrico Rampin and Teofilo Vamerali
Chapter 7 Oilseed Pests 117
Masumeh Ziaee