Overview
The main cementing materials used in oilfield
applications are:
C Portland cement, API Classes A, C, H, and G
C Blast furnace slag (BFS)
C Pozzolans (fly ash), ASTM Types C and F
Portland cement is the name used for all cementitious
material composed largely of calcium, silica, and
aluminum oxides. Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a byproduct
obtained in the manufacture of pig-iron in a
blast furnace. Pozzolans are silica or silica/alumina
materials that react with calcium hydroxide (lime) and
water to form a stable cement. Pozzolans can be natural
or synthetic.
Cementing materials are used in drilling operations to:
C Isolate zones
C Support casing in the borehole
C Protect the casing from collapse, corrosion, and
drilling shock
C Plug non-producing wells for abandonment
C Plug a portion of a well for sidetracking
This chapter explains the use of additives to control
cementing slurry properties and provides the ideal
operational guidelines for each type of additive. Slurry
design and applications are provided for lead, tail, and
squeeze slurries. Plug design, spacer guidelines, and
spacer-volume calculations are also provided.
well cementig .pdf free download
Cementing additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-3
Accelerators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-3
Retarders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-5
Fluid-loss control additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-6
Extenders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-7
Free-water control additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-7
Weighting materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-8
Slag activators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-8
Dispersants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-9
Strength retrogression preventers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-9
Slurry design and applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-10
Lead slurry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-10
Tail slurry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-10
Squeeze slurry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-11
Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-11
Spacers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-11
Spacer volume calculations . .